Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40996051›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025

Evaluating the Science of Diversity in Clinical Trials: Design and Goals of an American Heart Association Strategic Focused Research Network.

Erin D Michos, Cheryl R Himmelfarb, Eldrin F Lewis, Tzung Hsiai, Keith C Norris, Joseph Keawe'aimoku Kaholokula, Rema Raman, Jevay Grooms, Scott D Halpern, Priscilla Pemu and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Third Year in Review, Fourth Year in Preview, and the 2025Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Erin D MichosDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD.
Cheryl R HimmelfarbJohns Hopkins University School of Nursing Baltimore MD.
Eldrin F LewisDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Stanford University Palo Alto CA.
Tzung HsiaiDivision of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA.
Keith C NorrisDivision of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA.
Joseph Keawe'aimoku KaholokulaDepartment of Native Hawaiian Health University of Hawai'i at Mānoa Honolulu HI.
Rema RamanAlzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California San Diego CA.
Jevay GroomsDepartment of Economics Howard University Washington DC.
Scott D HalpernDepartment of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia PA.
Priscilla PemuDepartment of Medicine Morehouse University School of Medicine Atlanta GA.
Fatima RodriguezDivision of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Stanford University Palo Alto CA.
Hannah ValantineDepartment of Medicine Stanford University Palo Alto CA.

Funding

Tracking and Evaluation CoreU54GM138062 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI SY, ANGELA U · 2021 to 2025
$15.5M
NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM138062
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundClinical trials serve as the key evidence that shapes guideline recommendations and clinical practice. Despite long-standing recommendations by regulatory and funding organizations for representative trial enrollment, the underinclusion of women and individuals from diverse racial and ethnic populations in cardiovascular and dementia clinical trials persists. This undermines trust in research, threatens basic principles of fairness, and may limit the generalizability of trial results to broad patient populations.

methodsTo better understand how to foster more inclusive cardiovascular trial participation, the American Heart Association launched a Strategically Focused Research Network (SFRN) to study the Science of Diversity in Clinical Trials in 2022. The SFRN includes 5 Network Centers operating from Johns Hopkins University ("IMPACT"), Stanford University ("DIVERSE"), University of California Los Angeles ("iDIVERSE"), University of Southern California/Howard University ("ATRIL"), and the University of Pennsylvania ("BETTER"). Each Center is a partnership that includes an institution focused on the education of Black, Hispanic, American Indian, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, and/or non-White students. Each Center has multiple projects with actionable results and is training at least 3 dedicated postdoctoral fellows. Additionally, a 6th Center ("TRAIN") led by faculty at Stanford and Morehouse Universities is facilitating formal fellowship training across the Centers.

conclusionsProjects are ongoing and all 6 Centers are working on collaborative initiatives. These Centers are expected to provide valuable insights into clinical trial participation, including innovative conceptual frameworks to inform the diversification of clinical trial participation and novel recruitment and retention strategies that can be broadly disseminated.

Indexed as

American Heart AssociationCardiovascular DiseasesClinical Trials as TopicCultural DiversityEthnicityPatient SelectionResearch DesignFemaleHumansMinority GroupsUnited Statesclinical trialsdiversitytrainingtrial enrollmenttrial recruitment

Identifiers

PMID40996051
PMCPMC12684612

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.