Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40995947›Full record

ReviewJournal of diabetes science and technology2025

Virtual Reality for Balance in Individuals With Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Assessment and Intervention Strategies.

Kai Cheng, Fatimah Alkhameys, Hannes Devos, Patricia Kluding, John Miles, Chun-Kai Huang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kai ChengDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS, USA.
Fatimah AlkhameysDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-2484-9646
Hannes DevosDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8853-6840
Patricia KludingDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS, USA.
John MilesEndocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Pharmacology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, KUMC, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Chun-Kai HuangDepartment of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC), Kansas City, KS, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4220-4410

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications have wide-ranging effects on numerous aspects of health, particularly as they affect individual's static and dynamic balance. Balance assessments and interventions have emerged as key components of rehabilitation strategies for individuals with DM. As part of the growing incorporation of virtual reality (VR) technology into rehabilitative, this systematic review aims to synthesize the current evidence on VR-based assessment and interventions for balance in individuals with DM.

methodsA comprehensive search of electronic database including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, and PEDro was conducted from the inception through April 2024. Studies applying VR technology either as balance assessments or interventions among individuals with DM were made potentially eligible for inclusion.

resultsA total of 12 studies were included according to the inclusion criteria, which included 345 individuals with DM. Four studies utilized VR for balance assessment, revealing that individuals with DM exhibited impaired balance compared with healthy controls. Eight studies applied VR tools for balance training. Despite variations in statistical significance, all studies reported enhanced balance after VR interventions.

conclusionThis systematic review summarizes VR as an innovative and interactive approach, demonstrating its applicability and usefulness in both balance assessment and intervention among individuals with DM.

Indexed as

assessmentbalanceinterventionposturevirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID40995947
PMCPMC12463877

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.