Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40995888›Full record

ArticleCartilage2025

Equine Bone Marrow-Derived MSCs and Their EVs Exhibit Different Immunomodulatory Effects on Cartilage Explants in an

Angela M Gaesser, Justine M Cianci, Kayla Even, Renata L Linardi, Gordon Ruthel, Dhvani Barot, Hoda Elkhenany, Julie B Engiles, Kyla F Ortved

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Cartilage, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Angela M GaesserDepartment of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Justine M CianciDepartment of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3194-4007
Kayla EvenDepartment of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Renata L LinardiDepartment of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Gordon RuthelDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9193-5589
Dhvani BarotDepartment of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Hoda ElkhenanyDepartment of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Julie B EngilesDepartment of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Kyla F OrtvedDepartment of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0398-2444

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of equine MSCs and their extracellular vesicles (EV) on stimulated cartilage explants and assess how serum type influences EV production and cartilage inflammation.MethodsEVs were isolated from bone marrow-derived MSCs cultured in equine serum (ES) or fetal bovine serum (FBS) media and concentrated via ultracentrifugation. Cartilage explants were stimulated with IL-1β and TNF-α and treated with MSCs, EVs, or left untreated. Cartilage explants were analyzed for cytokine concentration and examined for gene expression, glycosaminoglycan depletion, and histology.ResultsEVs produced by MSCs cultured in ES or FBS had similar characteristics. Cartilage explants treated with MSCs in ES media had decreased concentrations of IL-1β and increased concentrations of IL-6 in the supernatant compared to cartilage explants alone. Treatment with EVs did not significantly alter supernatant mediators. Cartilage explants cultured in ES had higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, while cartilage explants cultured in FBS had higher levels of PGE2. Treatment of stimulated cartilage explants with either MSCs or EVs did not alter gene expression or support extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation.ConclusionEquine MSCs appear to have enhanced immunomodulatory properties compared to EVs when used to treat stimulated cartilage explants. While some beneficial alterations in culture supernatants were detected, ECM degradation was not affected by treatment.

Indexed as

exosomeextracellular vesicleimmunomodulationmesenchymal stem cellmicrovesicleosteoarthritis

Identifiers

PMID40995888
PMCPMC12463865

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.