ArticleGut microbes2025
Tryptophan catabolites from microbiota ameliorate immune-mediated hepatitis through activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor of T cells.
Article in Gut microbes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Microbial cues and T cell immunity: deciphering their interactions in chronic liver disease.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cell induction strategies and applications in the treatment of immune and non-immune diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Experimental Models of Autoimmune Hepatitis: Disease Fidelity and Translational Relevance.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Review
- The Gut-Pancreas Axis in Type 1 Diabetes: Emerging Insights into Microbiota and Immune Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Phage therapy targeting DNA-encapsulated membrane vesicle-producing intestinal symbiotic Klebsiella pneumoniae ameliorates autoimmune disease.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Review
- Tryptophan metabolism reprogramming regulates Th1/Th2 immune balance and inhibits mast cell activation.Amino acids · 2026Article
- The Multi-dimensional Mechanisms and Transformation Prospects of the Intratumoral Microbiota-Arginine Metabolism Axis in Tumor Progression and Immune Regulation.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Review
- Microbiota-directed therapies for atopic dermatitis: a three-tier framework for inflammation control, immune modulation, and microbiome restoration.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Probiotic drug interactions in ulcerative colitis: a microbiota and metabolite perspective.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Research progress on the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated liver diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor in liver injury: a double-edged sword in roles, mechanisms, and future perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Tryptophan metabolism at the crossroads of the neuro-immuno-microbial axis: implications for precision medicine in chronic diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intestinal dysbiosis and T cell-mediated immune attack are implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). However, the mechanisms by which microbiota-derived metabolites modulate immune homeostasis in AIH remain elusive. Here, we demonstrated that microbiota-derived indole-3-carboxaldehyde (ICA) was significantly reduced in patients with AIH. Treatment with ICA restricted the activation of effector T cells by activating AhR in T lymphocytes. Nuclear translocation of AhR induced the transcription of PI3K interacting protein 1 (Pik3ip1), which inhibited the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In vivo supplementation of ICA suppressed effector T cells and mitigated the tissue damage and hepatic inflammation in two mouse models of T cell-mediated hepatitis. Importantly, T cell-specific deletion of AhR abrogated the protective effects of ICA in AIH-like mouse model. Finally, administration of Lactobacillus reuteri resulted in elevated level of ICA and protected mice from liver damage. Our data suggest that ICA supplementation ameliorates immune-mediated hepatitis through agonizing AhR in T cells, presenting a promising therapeutic strategy for AIH.
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