Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40995480›Full record

ArticleEnvironment & health (Washington, D.C.)2025

Speaking Different Languages Impacts Size-Resolved Exhaled Breath Aerosol Particle Emission.

Xinyue Li, Chenyu Zhu, Qisong Xing, Huaying Liu, Yimeng Wang, Maosheng Yao

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Environment & health (Washington, D.C.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xinyue LiState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Chenyu ZhuState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Qisong XingState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Huaying LiuState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Yimeng WangState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Maosheng YaoState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1442-8054

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aerosol transmission plays an important role in airborne-spread diseases. The transmission variations across language-usage regions were observed during COVID-19, however the potential differences from languages on aerosol transmission are poorly understood. Here, fifty-one multilingual volunteers were recruited to speak same-semantic dialogues in three languages selected from eight different languages studied to investigate the emission characteristics of exhaled aerosol across languages. The findings revealed that the size of exhaled aerosol particles generated by speaking was predominantly concentrated below 1 μm. The emission loads of exhaled aerosols during speaking and the associated potential risk of aerosol transmission across languages showed notable discrepancies. Additionally, the individual physiological factors such as age, gender and body mass index (BMI) also jointly influenced the exhaled aerosols during speaking. The machine learning model of random forest regression further revealed that language differences had a considerably greater impact on size-resolved exhaled aerosol emission concentrations than gender, but not than BMI. Thus, different language usages can influence the emission concentrations of exhaled aerosol during speaking, thereby impacting the potential for aerosol transmission across languages. This linguistic-induced diversity of transmission potentials could have played a non-negligible role in the disparate global dissemination patterns observed in aerosol-transmitted pandemics including COVID-19.

Indexed as

exhaled breath aerosolslanguage usagepathogen transmission potentialsize-resolved aerosol

Identifiers

PMID40995480
PMCPMC12455340

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.