Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40994969›Full record

ArticleJournal of central nervous system disease2025

Time Course of Motor Improvement by Epidural Stimulation After Spinal Cord Injury: An Interim Analysis of a Phase II Trial.

Porceban Mm, Angelin Lg, Gabana E, Prota C, De Byase Mem, Ferreira Rjr, Marcon Rm, Cristante Af, Greve Jmd, Arévalo A and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of central nervous system disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Ischial Pressure Ulcer Reconstruction: A Critical Review of the Paradigm Shift From Wound Coverage to Functional Restoration.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Porceban MmDepartments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7206
Angelin LgLaboratory of Experimental Surgery LIM26, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5437-0539
Gabana EInstitute of Orthopedics, Hospital Das Clínicas, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Prota CLaboratory for the Study of Movements, Institute of Orthopedics, Hospital Das Clínicas, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
De Byase MemLaboratory for the Study of Movements, Institute of Orthopedics, Hospital Das Clínicas, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Ferreira RjrInstitute of Orthopedics, Hospital Das Clínicas, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Marcon RmInstitute of Orthopedics, Hospital Das Clínicas, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Cristante AfInstitute of Orthopedics, Hospital Das Clínicas, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Greve JmdLaboratory for the Study of Movements, Institute of Orthopedics, Hospital Das Clínicas, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Arévalo ALaboratory of Experimental Surgery LIM26, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3793-8081
Sitthinamsunwan BDivision of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Majeed NVerita Neuro, Verita Healthcare Group, Singapore.
Jarernpratumdee KVerita Neuro, Verita Healthcare Group, Singapore.
Charles HVerita Neuro, Verita Healthcare Group, Singapore.
Lepski GaDepartments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Epidural spinal cord stimulation (EES) is a promising intervention for motor rehabilitation after spinal cord injury (SCI), but the extent and trajectory of motor recovery remain unclear. Objective: This phase II trial evaluates the acquisition of voluntary movements in paraplegic patients (ASIA A or B) following SCI, assessed by the Fugl-Meyer Lower Extremity (FMA-LE) score and electromyography (EMG). Methods: This interim analysis includes five patients implanted with EES and followed for 12 months. The primary outcome was motor recovery, measured by FMA-LE and EMG. Secondary outcomes included balance (Berg Balance Scale), spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale), pain, autonomic functions, mood, quality of life (WHO-QOL), and safety. Adverse events were monitored. Results: The FMA-LE score improved from 36 ± 9 (SD) to 55 ± 2 at 3 months ( Conclusions: These findings support the role of EES in facilitating early motor recovery in SCI patients, consistent with prior studies. However, the plateau effect suggests a limit to long-term gains. Future research should explore strategies to sustain improvements, including regenerative therapies or optimized neuromodulation protocols.

Indexed as

epidural stimulationneuroplasticityrehabilitationspinal cord injuryspinal cord stimulation

Identifiers

PMID40994969
PMCPMC12454953

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.