Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40994589›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of ophthalmology2025

Visual function in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis.

Bardia Behnia, Ameer Mohammed Hadi Layedh, Hassan Hashemi, Alireza Jamali, Abbasali Yekta, Navidreza Zamani, Raheleh Moravej, Mehdi Khabazkhoob

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Bardia BehniaNoor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
Ameer Mohammed Hadi LayedhOptics Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah 51001, Iraq.
Hassan HashemiNoor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran 1983963113, Iran.
Alireza JamaliRehabilitation Research Center, Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1545913487, Iran.
Abbasali YektaDepartment of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 1394491388, Iran.
Navidreza ZamaniOccupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1157715354, Iran.
Raheleh MoravejRehabilitation Research Center, Department of Optometry, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1545913487, Iran.
Mehdi KhabazkhoobDepartment of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983969411, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo determine the diagnostic ability of various visual functions in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with and without optic neuritis (ON).

methodsIn this cross-sectional study, we assessed and compared refractive error, visual acuity (VA), and contrast sensitivity (CS) between patients with MS and a matched control group of healthy individuals. The MS patients were further categorized into those with ON and those without.

resultsA total of 133 eyes from 133 participants were assessed, including 66 individuals diagnosed with MS. The mean ages for the MS group and the healthy control group were 37.5±4.27y and 38.45±4.60y, respectively (

conclusionMS significantly affects refractive error and CS, with ON further reducing CS. Assessing these visual parameters can improve MS monitoring and management.

Indexed as

contrast sensitivitydiagnostic abilitymultiple sclerosisoptic neuritisrefractive error

Identifiers

PMID40994589
PMCPMC12454017

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.