Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40994462›Full record

ArticleF1000Research2025

Generational Differences in Dietary Behaviours: A Cross-Sectional Study of Generations X, Y, and Z.

Nasser S Alqahtani, Saja Alanazi, Reema Almuhayd, Ethar Alanazi, Jenan Alanazi

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in F1000Research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nasser S AlqahtaniCommunity Health Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Northern Borders Province, 91431, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8759-1955
Saja AlanaziCommunity Health Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Northern Borders Province, 91431, Saudi Arabia.
Reema AlmuhaydCommunity Health Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Northern Borders Province, 91431, Saudi Arabia.
Ethar AlanaziCommunity Health Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Northern Borders Province, 91431, Saudi Arabia.
Jenan AlanaziCommunity Health Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Northern Borders Province, 91431, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Dietary behaviours influence obesity and chronic disease. In Saudi Arabia, Westernised diets and sedentary lifestyles have driven rising obesity. This study explores generational dietary patterns to inform Saudi Vision 2030 planning. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1,153 individuals was conducted in Saudi Arabia. These participants came from three generations: Generation X (born 1965-1980), Generation Y (born 1981-1996), and Generation Z (born 1997-2012). Participants were recruited via digital platforms (social media, email lists, and university networks). They also completed a validated, self-administered online questionnaire that captured 24-hour dietary recall, food-choice determinants, and relevant lifestyle factors. All data were statistically analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 and considered significant at p values < 0.05. Results: Generational differences were statistically significant (p<0.001). For Generation Z, 34.1% reported consuming soft drinks more than three times weekly, compared to 6.4% for Generation X and 20.8% for Generation Y. Generation Z also had the lowest intake of fruits (only 4.8% reported ≥3 servings per day) and vegetables (8.4% met ≥3 servings per day). These individuals were more influenced by peers, taste (60.6%), and price (10.5%) than by nutrition. Conversely, Generations X and Y prioritised long-term health (69.5% and 38.9%, respectively) and nutritional value (71.1% and 38.5%, respectively). Gen Z favoured restaurant dining (40.3%), showed higher peer influence (63.2%), and more frequent meal skipping (88.3%). Furthermore, favourable nutritional intake, including water and fruits/vegetables, declined across generations, with Gen Z consuming more soft drinks (59.2%) and snacks (51.6%) than Gen X. Conclusions: Generational dietary differences in Saudi Arabia reflect global and local shifts. Targeted public health strategies, digital interventions addressing affordability and appearance for Gen Z, and reinforced traditional education for Gen X/Y are essential. These insights support school and community nutrition policies aligned with Saudi Vision 2030.

Indexed as

DietFeeding BehaviorAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLife StyleMaleMiddle AgedSaudi ArabiaSurveys and Questionnairesdietary behaviourGeneration XGeneration YGeneration Znutritionobesitypublic healthSaudi Arabia

Identifiers

PMID40994462
PMCPMC12455175

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.