Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40994044›Full record

ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2025

How well do social frailty indices predict incident dementia in older adults?

Annabel P Matison, Suraj Samtani, Henry Brodaty, Perminder S Sachdev, Simone Reppermund

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Annabel P MatisonCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-1555-8387
Suraj SamtaniCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9957-1916
Henry BrodatyCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9487-6617
Perminder S SachdevCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9595-3220
Simone ReppermundCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-4785-0224

Funding

A global epidemiology of cognitive impairment and dementia due to Alzheimer's disease and related disorders: the COSMIC CollaborationR01AG057531 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES · PI Perminder S SACHDEV · 2023 to 2026
$5.9M
National Health & Medical Research Council APP1093083National Health & Medical Research Council ID350833National Health & Medical Research Council ID568969NIA NIH HHS R01 AG057531NIH HHS 2R01AG057531
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesFew studies have examined the association between social frailty and dementia. We aim to assess if social frailty indices predict dementia and evaluate causality.

methodsData from 851 community-dwelling participants aged 70 years and older without dementia from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study were used. Social frailty was assessed using five published indices that incorporated a range of psychosocial factors. Incident dementia was assessed by consensus diagnosis using biennial neuropsychological tests over a 12-year period.

resultsBased on Cox regression, social frailty was predictive of an increased risk of incident dementia using three different indices. After adjusting for a range of confounders, including physical and psychological frailty, evidence of a causal association was found using one of the indices (socially frail vs nonfrail hazard ratio [HR] 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-2.07). Low financial and family satisfaction, infrequent social contacts, and limited participation in social activities and volunteering were associated with an increased risk of dementia, with low financial satisfaction an independent predictor. DISCUSSION: Well-designed social frailty indices are an effective way to help identify older adults at increased risk of dementia. Replication of these findings in other cohorts is necessary to validate a screening tool for social frailty. Screening for social frailty using brief measures in primary care is a key next step, alongside social prescribing programs for those at risk of social frailty and cognitive decline.

Indexed as

DementiaFrail ElderlyFrailtyAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleGeriatric AssessmentHumansIncidenceIndependent LivingMaleNeuropsychological TestsRisk FactorsCognitive declineRisk predictionSocial frailty indexSocial vulnerability

Identifiers

PMID40994044
PMCPMC12460892

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.