ArticleCurrent molecular medicine2026
A Novel Combined Therapeutic Approach to Endometriosis: Exosomes Derived from Human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Etanercept.
Article in Current molecular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionEndometriosis is a chronic disorder characterized by abnormal endometrial tissue growth. This study evaluates a novel combination immunomodulatory treatment involving etanercept (ETN) and exosomes derived from human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSC-Exo) as a promising alternative to conventional therapies for modulating inflammation in endometriosis.
methodsEndometrial stromal cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion of eutopic (EuESCs, N = 6) and ectopic (EESCs, N = 6) tissues of endometriosis patients and non-endometriotic controls (CESCs, N = 6). hWJMSC-Exo were confirmed by flow cytometry, SEM, and DLS tests. Cells were treated with varying concentrations of ETN (0-40 μg/ml), hWJMSC-Exo (0-15 μg/ml), and their combination (E+E). IC50 values were determined using the MTT assay at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Protein levels of TNF- α, VEGF-A, and IL-10, and gene expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, MCP-1, aromatase, TSLP, and TGF-β1 were measured using ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively.
resultsThe combination of ETN (10 μg/ml) and hWJMSC-Exo (10 μg/ml) at 24 and 48 hours, respectively, reduced protein expression of TNF-α, VEGF-A, and IL-10 in EESCs, EuESCs, and CESCs compared with untreated groups (P < 0.001). Additionally, E+E treatment significantly reduced mRNA expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, MCP-1, aromatase, TSLP, and TGF-β1 in all three groups compared to untreated groups. DISCUSSION: This combination therapy improves inflammation, angiogenesis, tissue remodeling, and immune regulation in endometriosis. However, clinical validation and long-term safety require further in vivo studies with larger sample sizes.
conclusionE+E treatment synergistically reduced key cytokines and enzymes in endometriosis. This approach is a promising means of regulating inflammation.
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