Observational studyBMC public health2025
Tdap, MenACWY, HPV, seasonal influenza, and COVID-19 vaccination status among US teens aged 13-17 years in 2022.
Observational study in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) routinely recommends adolescents receive tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap); meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY); and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines at age 11-12 years and routinely recommends influenza and COVID-19 vaccines annually for all adolescents, based on recommendations in 2023. We aimed to assess the overall proportion of US teens who are up-to-date (UTD) on receiving Tdap, MenACWY, and HPV vaccines by age 13 and the proportion who received seasonal influenza vaccine, the initial COVID-19 vaccination series and the initial COVID-19 booster. We also aimed to determine the relationship between multiple socio-demographic factors with the following: UTD status, and receipt of seasonal influenza vaccine, and receipt of COVID-19 vaccines.
methodsWe analyzed the 2022 National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen). We estimated the proportion of teens 13-17 years old vaccinated for Tdap, MenACWY, and HPV by age 13, categorizing participants as "fully UTD", "partially UTD" and "not vaccinated" for these three vaccines and we assessed coverage of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the following outcomes: UTD status for these three vaccines, seasonal influenza vaccination, and COVID-19 vaccination. We reported adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
resultsOf the 15,971 adolescents eligible for this analysis; 60.6% (95%CI: 59.8-61.3%) were fully UTD for Tdap, MenACWY and HPV by age 13, 29.6% (95%CI: 28.9-30.3%) partially UTD, and 9.8% (95%CI: 9.4-10.3%) were not vaccinated. When compared to fully UTD adolescents, those partially UTD and not vaccinated had significantly lower odds of receiving the seasonal influenza vaccine, initial COVID-19 vaccination series, and initial COVID-19 booster.
conclusionNearly 2 out of 5 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years in 2022 were not fully UTD for Tdap, MenACWY, and HPV vaccines by age 13. Being UTD by age 13 for these vaccines was significantly associated with subsequently receiving seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccines.
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