ArticleBMC oral health2025
Evaluation of color stability and material surface stability of different types of clear aligners under curcumin staining in vitro.
Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Ageing effects on chemical, physical, mechanical, and morphological properties of clear aligners - a systematic review.Progress in orthodontics · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of cleaning methods on the removal efficacy of Streptococcus mutans biofilm and material properties of thermoplastic aligner materials.BMC oral health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Aesthetics play a crucial role in patients' choice of orthodontic clear aligners, as poor color stability can compromise their appearance during wear. This study aimed to evaluate the color and surface stability of different types of orthodontic clear aligners exposed to various concentrations of curcumin solutions in vitro. Four types of clear aligners (Invisalign, Angelalign, Spark, and Dreve), along with non-thermoformed Dreve film, were cut into 5 mm × 5 mm squares and immersed in curcumin solutions of different concentrations and a control solution. The concentrations were determined based on the curcumin content in curry. Anhydrous ethanol was used as the solvent, which may influence surface properties and color stability and partially simulating damage caused by alcohol consumption or bacterial metabolites. After immersion for 12 h and 7 days, the squares were ultrasonically cleaned, and color changes were measured using a colorimeter, then converted to National Bureau of Standards (NBS) units. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to observe surface characteristics before and after staining. After 12 h of immersion in 10 µg/ml solutions, all samples except the Dreve film exhibited at least an "Appreciable: marked change," with Angelalign showing a more pronounced color alteration. After 7 days of immersion, most materials displayed color changes ranging from "Much: extremely marked change" to "Very much: change to other colors." Across all concentrations and time points, Invisalign aligners exhibited significantly higher ΔE* values than Dreve (P < 0.05). Although SEM and AFM results were not entirely consistent, both indicated that PU-based aligners were more susceptible to surface morphology changes than PET-G-based aligners. Enhancing the aesthetic color stability of orthodontic materials could contribute to improved clinical outcomes.
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Registered trials
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