Observational studyMicrobiology spectrum2025
Changing patterns of respiratory pathogens in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia in northern China following the lifting of non-pharmaceutical interventions.
Observational study in Microbiology spectrum, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical characteristics, risk factors, and pathogen spectrum of mixed infections in children withMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Epidemiological characterization and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus isolated from children in Ningbo, China, 2020-2024.Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- Review
- Epidemiological characteristics and changing patterns of hospitalizations among middle-aged and elderly patients in Northwest China, 2020-2024: A retrospective cohort study.SAGE open medicine · 2026Article
- The value of serum CARDS toxin and NETs formation in children with MPP.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Admission-time immunologic patterns in hospitalized children withFrontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and co-infection networks of pediatric respiratory pathogens in eastern China after COVID-19 restriction relaxation: a retrospective study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
An observational, single-center study was conducted among hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia in the Baoding area. The objective was to compare the respiratory pathogen profiles and epidemiological patterns during and after the lifting of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs, including mask-wearing, social distancing, lockdowns, etc.). A total of 9,362 hospitalized children diagnosed with CAP in Baoding from January 2022 to December 2023 were included. Both viral and bacterial pathogens were detected by multiplex PCR. The NPIs were lifted in Baoding from 2 December 2022. A comparative analysis was conducted on demographic data, epidemiological data, pathogen detection rates, and co-infection patterns that were compared between the full year 2022 and 2023. The detection rate of at least one pathogen significantly increased from 74.2% (2,925/3,940) in 2022 to 86.5% (4,690/5,422) in 2023 (
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