ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Polyfunctionality of CD4
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- High-throughput profiling of the T cell receptor delta CDR3 repertoire reveals species-specific patterns in cattle (Bos taurus) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Exploring alternative cytokines as potential biomarkers forFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Bovine tuberculosis (BTB), caused by Methods: A multicolor flow cytometry assay was established to enable high-resolution analysis of cytokine-expressing CD4 Results: The multicolor flow cytometry approach successfully identified distinct cytokine-producing CD4⁺ T cell populations in both species. Overlapping immune profiles were observed between buffaloes and cattle; however, specific subsets-including IL-17A Discussion: The findings indicate that buffaloes and cattle share broadly similar antigen-specific cytokine responses, although subtle differences in CD4⁺ T cell subsets exist. The study highlights the value of multicolor flow cytometry as a high-resolution tool for dissecting immune responses in veterinary immunology. These insights enhance understanding of buffalo immune mechanisms against BTB and may contribute to improved disease control strategies.
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Registered trials
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