ArticleToxicon: X2025
Sentinels of the Western Ghats- envenoming by the Malabar pit viper (
Article in Toxicon: X, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- From association to inference: polyvalent antivenom and response-based algorithms in theToxicon: X · 2026Article
- Comparative Hemostatic Effects ofBiochemistry research international · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Malabar Pit Viper ( Methodology/principal findings: A retrospective analysis was conducted at a tertiary care centre in Coastal Karnataka, encompassing 16 cases from May 2018 to March 2024. Identification was based on the following method.• killed or live specimen produced at the hospital.• photographic/videographic evidence captured of the culprit snake by the patient or witness.• photographic identification (using standard images of known venomous snakes in the region for patients to identify which snakes it is that they saw biting them).Seven out of sixteen cases were identified based on photographic identification and other circumstantial evidence like snake description, location and habitat where the patient was bitten. These cases were included on a presumed basis due to the lower quality of evidence available. The remaining nine were reliably confirmed with evidence provided. Clinical presentations included severe local envenomation (100 %), coagulopathy (50 %), and mild renal dysfunction (25 %). Local complications such as severe local effects and compartment syndrome necessitated interventions. A notable trend of prolonged prothrombin time derangement, persisting up to 72 h, was observed in patients with coagulopathy. Additionally, three cases of anaphylaxis were reported following Indian Polyvalent Anti Snake Venom (ASV) administration, underscoring the challenges in its use. Indian Polyvalent ASV demonstrated limited but observable cross-reactivity, improving coagulopathy in some cases. The study identified seasonal and occupational risk factors, with most incidents occurring during monsoon-related agricultural activities. Epidemiological mapping highlighted habitat overlaps between human populations and the species range. Conclusions/Significance: Malabar Pit Viper envenomation is characterized by distinct local and systemic syndromes, requiring targeted management strategies. While Indian Polyvalent ASV may offer interim relief in severe cases, a species-specific antivenom remains essential. This study emphasizes the importance of advancing research into venom composition, therapeutic cross-reactivity, and regional incidence to develop evidence-based treatment protocols and improve patient outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.