Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40989729›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in plant science2025

Integrated smart farm system for

Hyeonbyeong Lee, Jeonghyun Baek, Donghyuk Im, Jeongwook Heo, Taehyun Kim

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hyeonbyeong LeeSmart Farm Development Division, Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
Jeonghyun BaekSmart Farm Development Division, Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
Donghyuk ImSmart Farm Development Division, Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
Jeongwook HeoSmart Farm Development Division, Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
Taehyun KimSmart Farm Development Division, Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Traditional soil-based cultivation of Centella asiatica L. faces seasonal limitations and quality inconsistency. Methods: This study developed and assessed a smart farm system incorporating Deep Flow Technique (DFT) hydroponics for stable, year-round production with consistent bioactive compound profiles. System development was conducted at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, followed by a six-month field assessment at Chungju Agricultural Technology Center, South Korea. The cultivation system comprised a 99 m² greenhouse with a 19.2 m² active hydroponic area, maintaining key environmental parameters. Results: We observed differential bioactive compound accumulation between cultivation tiers. Madecassic acid content was 2.3-fold higher in the LED-equipped tier (1.25 ± 0.04 mg/g) versus the fluorescent-equipped tier (0.54 ± 0.03 mg/g, p<0.001). Discussion: The system demonstrated operational reliability, enabling year-round production and establishing a technological foundation for controlled environment medicinal plant cultivation with standardized compound profiles.

Indexed as

bioactive compoundsCentella asiaticacontrolled environment agricultureDFT systemhydroponicsmedicinal plantssmart farmyear-round production

Identifiers

PMID40989729
PMCPMC12450862

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.