Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40989443›Full record

ArticlePeerJ. Computer science2025

Systematic review: progress in EEG-based speech imagery brain-computer interface decoding and encoding research.

Ke Su, Liang Tian

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PeerJ. Computer science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ke SuSchool of Art and Design, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5445-4401
Liang TianDepartment of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China.ORCID 0009-0008-9152-9503

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This article systematically reviews the latest developments in electroencephalogram (EEG)-based speech imagery brain-computer interface (SI-BCI). It explores the brain connectivity of SI-BCI and reveals its key role in neural encoding and decoding. It analyzes the research progress on vowel-vowel and vowel-consonant combinations, as well as Chinese characters, words, and long-words speech imagery paradigms. In the neural encoding section, the preprocessing and feature extraction techniques for EEG signals are discussed in detail. The neural decoding section offers an in-depth analysis of the applications and performance of machine learning and deep learning algorithms. Finally, the challenges faced by current research are summarized, and future directions are outlined. The review highlights that future research should focus on brain region mechanisms, paradigms innovation, and the optimization of decoding algorithms to promote the practical application of SI-BCI technology.

Indexed as

Brain computer interfaceConnectivity of brain regionsDeep learningEEGMachine learningNeural decoding algorithmsNeural encoding technologySpeech imagerySpeech imagery brain-computer interface paradigms

Identifiers

PMID40989443
PMCPMC12453656

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.