Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40989024›Full record

ArticleiScience2025

A two-stage sequential optimization framework for bioenergy and solar energy development.

Chih-Chun Kung, Juan Li, Shan-Shan Kung

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Chih-Chun KungInstitute for Interdisciplinary Research, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
Juan LiSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China.
Shan-Shan KungSchool of Foreign Languages, Hubei University of Economics, Wuhan 430205, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Taiwan imports most of its energy and suffers from energy insecurity. Bioenergy has been promoted but grows slowly; thus, the government has decided to develop more renewable energy possibilities. This study outlines a two-stage sequential optimization framework in which the first stage optimizes the social welfare of the agricultural and bioenergy sectors, and the second stage incorporates the land-use change from bioenergy development to examine the regional solar energy capacity. The results show biopower production ranges from 5,816 to 1,640 GWh and 4.9 to 504 million liters for biofuel, with an emission offset ranging from 0.35 to 3.49 million tons. Changes in emission prices cause a technological transition and substantial land transfer. Solar energy could provide 811 to 1,041 GWh, offsetting up to 1.13 million tons of emissions. Collectively, agrivoltaic programs provide up to 6,855 GWh per year, but land-use transfer is a challenge for long-term solar energy programs.

Indexed as

Applied sciencesEnergy ModelingEnergy systems

Identifiers

PMID40989024
PMCPMC12450725

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.