Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40988946›Full record

ReviewHealth promotion perspectives2025

Protein intake and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients: A dose-response and pairwise meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Mohaddeseh Badpeyma, Faezeh Ghalichi, Roghayeh Molani-Gol, Hamed Valizadeh, Yousef Javadzadeh, Ahmadreza Rasouli, Mohammad Alizadeh, Sorayya Kheirouri

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Health promotion perspectives, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mohaddeseh BadpeymaDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8150-8997
Faezeh GhalichiDepartment of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
Roghayeh Molani-GolDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Hamed ValizadehTuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Yousef JavadzadehBiotechnology Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Ahmadreza RasouliDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Mohammad AlizadehDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-8573
Sorayya KheirouriDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6249-4462

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The optimal protein intake for critically ill patients remains uncertain. This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of high-protein nutritional support on clinical outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing high- versus low-protein nutrition in critically ill adults with similar energy intake were identified through PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus (up to June 2023). A random-effects model was used to pool risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Linear and non-linear trends were assessed using the one-stage cubic spline regression model. Results: Twenty-three RCTs were included. The summary RR was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.64-1.08; I Conclusion: Although higher protein intake had no significant effect on mortality or length of stay, it was associated with reduced muscle wasting. This suggests a potential role in preserving lean mass and supporting long-term functional recovery. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD42024480303.

Indexed as

Critical illnessDietary proteinsIntensive care unitsMeta-analysisMortalityMuscle atrophyNutritional supportRandomized controlled trials

Identifiers

PMID40988946
PMCPMC12450574

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.