SynthesisEndocrinology, diabetes & metabolism2025
Evaluating the Rates of Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer Among GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Gastrointestinal Safety of Orforglipron, a GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, in Adults With or Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Noncardiometabolic Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.JAMA network open · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluating the Rates of Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer Among GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Pooled it
- Long-Term Association Between GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use and Incident Pancreatic Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Retrospective Cohort Study Using the TriNetX Network.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Article
- GLP-1-Based Therapies in Pain Medicine: A Narrative Review and Expert Opinion on Obesity-Related Low Back and Knee Pain.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- Off-label GLP-1 receptor agonist and tirzepatide use for weight loss: patient safety and regulatory oversight.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Insulin Resistance as a Systemic Metabolic Risk State for Cancer: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Prevention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Toxicological profile of anti-diabetic drugs and emerging measures to reduce the toxic burden.Toxicology reports · 2026Review
- Incretin-Based Drugs for Obesity: Common and Drug-Specific Reporting Patterns of Adverse Drug Reactions-A Comparative Disproportionality Analysis Using EudraVigilance Reports Integrating SmPC Data.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Beyond Glycemic Control: Ocular Effects of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and Glucose Metabolism: The Good, the Bad and the Unsightly.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2026Review
- Orforglipron: A Comprehensive Review of an Oral Small-Molecule GLP-1 Receptor Agonist for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Comparative Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Across Gastrointestinal, Renal and Pancreatic Systems.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use and Pancreatic Cancer Risk in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis.Cancers · 2026Article
- The Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Pain Management in Chronic Pancreatitis: A Real-World Cohort Study.Gastro hep advances · 2026Article
- The Fat-Pancreas Axis: A Narrative Review Unraveling the Role of Obesity in Pancreatic Diseases.Cureus · 2025Review
- Risk of all-cause death and pancreatic events following GLP-1 RA initiation in people with obesity or type 2 diabetes: observations from a federated research network.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThis meta-analysis evaluates the rates of pancreatitis/pancreatic cancer among glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in randomised controlled trials (RCTs).
methodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), a systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for GLP-1 RA RCTs that evaluated pancreatitis/pancreatic cancer. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate this risk; subgroup analysis was performed with and without background medications.
results62 studies utilising dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, semaglutide, beinaglutide, retatrutide, or tirzepatide, with 66,232 patients, mean age of 58.3 years (14.4 to 68), and mean follow-up of 43.5 weeks (1 to 198) were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed a significantly increased risk of pancreatitis (RR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.09-1.89, p = 0.009), but not when stratified by background medications (RR: 1.28, 95% CI 0.87-1.87) and without background medications (RR: 1.37, 95% CI 0.91-2.05). Pancreatic cancer and GLP-1 RA use showed no significant association (RR: 1.30, 95% CI 0.86-1.97). However, a significant increase was found with background medications (RR: 1.85, 95% CI 1.05-3.26, p = 0.03), but not without (RR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.43-1.55).
conclusionGLP-1 RAs carry a slightly increased risk of pancreatitis, which is not significant when stratified by background medication use. Overall risk for pancreatic cancer was not observed, but a slight association was found when stratified with background medications. However, this difference is likely minimal, given the numerous studies excluded from the meta-analysis where both treatment arms had zero events.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.