Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40988079›Full record

ArticleJournal of cheminformatics2025

Contrastive explanations for machine learning predictions in chemistry.

Alec Lamens, Jürgen Bajorath

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cheminformatics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Alec LamensDepartment of Life Science Informatics and Data Science, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 5/6, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
Jürgen BajorathDepartment of Life Science Informatics and Data Science, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 5/6, 53115, Bonn, Germany. bajorath@bit.uni-bonn.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The concept of contrastive explanations originating from human reasoning is used in explainable artificial intelligence. In machine learning, contrastive explanations relate alternative prediction outcomes to each other involving the identification of features leading to opposing model decisions. We introduce a methodological framework for deriving contrastive explanations for machine learning models in chemistry to systematically generate intuitive explanations of predictions in high-dimensional feature spaces. The molecular contrastive explanations (MolCE) methodology explores alternative model decisions by generating virtual analogues of test compounds through replacements of molecular building blocks and quantifies the degree of "contrastive shifts" resulting from changes in model probability distributions. In a proof-of-concept study, MolCE was applied to explain selectivity predictions of ligands of D2-like dopamine receptor isoforms.

Indexed as

Analogue comparisonContrastive explanationsExplainable artificial intelligenceHuman reasoningMolecular featuresSelectivity prediction

Identifiers

PMID40988079
PMCPMC12455836

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.