ArticleMalaria journal2025
Blood donors as a sentinel population for real-time malaria surveillance using the Sysmex XN-31: a one-year review from the National Blood Transfusion Centre in Burkina Faso.
Article in Malaria journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe World Health Organization malaria burden estimates produced from incomplete clinical case reporting and often outdated household asymptomatic parasitaemia surveys in children < 5 years old, are unreliable. Surveillance target groups need to be expanded in line with the epidemiological shift in malaria-eliminating countries towards adults, and particularly men. Furthermore, new tools that can provide granular and timely data, critical to understanding geographic heterogeneity and enabling timely decision-making at the operational level, are needed. This prospective study aimed to demonstrate that blood donor malaria screening could serve as a time-sensitive complementary source of highly detailed malaria surveillance data.
methodsConsecutive blood donations received from 16 August 2023 to 31 August 2024 at the Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso Regional Blood Transfusion Centres in Burkina Faso, covering 5 of 13 regions, were screened for malaria using the Sysmex XN-31 automated analyser. XN-31 results, donor age, sex, place of residence, collection date, were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared, and logistic regression tests. Seasonal malaria patterns were compared with publicly available rainfall data.
resultsDonor malaria prevalence was 5.91% (3164/53575) overall. Key predictors of malaria identified were age ≤ 30 years (odds ratio (OR) 2.85, p < 0.001), male sex (OR 1.47, p < 0.001) and rural residency (OR 2.40, p < 0.001), with regional location having a strong influence on the latter. Strong seasonal variability, mirroring that of rainfall with a 3-month lag, was observed with different peak periods and rate of change over time at provincial level. Hot-spots were observed within both Bobo-Dioulasso and Ouagadougou. There were no age or sex-based differences in parasite density or gametocyte carriage, and both measures were directly proportional to malaria prevalence. Only males showed striking seasonal variability in gametocyte carriage (low season 1.39%, 14/1006; high season 4.42%, 66/1494; p < 0.001).
conclusionsThe large data set and spatiotemporal malaria prevalence information, not possible with episodic household malaria surveys, facilitated highly granular analysis and demonstrated the potential to provide dynamic real-time information on the malaria burden using automated XN-31 blood donor malaria screening.
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