Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40987461›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS2025

Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Topical Long-Acting Buprenorphine in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Stephanie Thi, Gerry Hish, Tara L Martin, Xiangbo Kong, Patrick A Lester

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Pharmacokinetics and Paw Withdraw Pressure in Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) Treated with Transdermal Buprenorphine.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Stephanie Thi1Refinement and Enrichment Advancements Laboratory, Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and.
Gerry Hish1Refinement and Enrichment Advancements Laboratory, Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and.
Tara L Martin1Refinement and Enrichment Advancements Laboratory, Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and.
Xiangbo Kong2Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Patrick A Lester1Refinement and Enrichment Advancements Laboratory, Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rabbits are commonly used as surgical models, thus requiring analgesics for painful procedures and optimal animal welfare. Buprenorphine, a partial µ opioid, is commercially available in various concentrations and sustained-release formulations and has historically been used as an analgesic in rabbits. A topical long-acting buprenorphine formulation (Zorbium, Bup-TP) has been approved for analgesic use in cats but has not yet been evaluated in rabbits. The present study evaluated the plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters of Bup-TP in New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Healthy adult male (n = 4) and female (n = 4) New Zealand white rabbits were used in a randomized crossover design and received a single high (7 mg/kg) and low (3 mg/kg) dose of Bup-TP. In this study, Bup-TP achieved a plasma blood concentration >0.25 ng/mL starting at 0.5 hours after dosing that was maintained up to 72 hours after dosing in adult New Zealand white rabbits. Compared with baseline, fecal and urinary output were reduced for an average of 3.5 days after dosing; food consumption was reduced for an average of 10 days after dosing. All resolved with time and supportive care. No lesions were grossly visible on any rabbit at site of application. Bup-TP may be an effective, long-lasting, and noninvasive method of providing analgesia in rabbits. Future study is recommended to optimize dosing and procedural analgesic efficacy.

Indexed as

BUP-TP, topical long-lasting buprenorphine formulationLOQ, limit of quantificationNSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Identifiers

PMID40987461
PMCPMC12694183

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.