Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40986490›Full record

ArticleJournal of patient safety2025

Redefining Interruptions: Events, Causes, and Impacts in Trauma Rooms.

Sara Bayramzadeh, Parnia Azini, Elaheh Malek Zadeh, Haya Mehar Mohammed, Ali F Mallat, Jessica Krizo, Steven Brooks

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of patient safety, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sara BayramzadehKent State University, Kent.ORCID 0000-0002-5952-9932
Parnia AziniKent State University, Kent.
Elaheh Malek ZadehKent State University, Kent.
Haya Mehar MohammedKent State University, Kent.
Ali F MallatCleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, Ohio.
Jessica KrizoCleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, Ohio.
Steven BrooksCleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, Ohio.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTrauma rooms, as fast-paced and demanding health care environments, are highly susceptible to interruptions that can negatively impact workflow efficiency and patient safety. These interruptions often arise from human or environmental factors. This study investigates the role of the physical environment in influencing workflow interruptions by identifying key interruptive events in a trauma room, their primary sources, and outcomes using a pilot method of observational coding.

methodsThis pilot study utilized video observations of 6 trauma cases in an urban level 1 trauma center. Using Noldus Observer XT 16 software, medical staff roles, interruptive events, their causes, and associated impacts were systematically coded and analyzed.

resultsA total of 114 events were observed. The most common events included "movement restrictions" (39%), "throwing objects" (17%), and "cleaning/clearing the floor" (13%). Key causes were "clutter/untidiness" (32%) and "mobile fixture/furniture location" (21%). Frequently observed impacts included "unnecessary task additions" (21%) and "hindered task completion" (20%). The results also revealed frequent associations between causes, events, and impacts. Movement restrictions caused by clutter/untidiness often led to disentangling cables and tubing (13.2%). Similarly, movement restrictions due to mobile fixture placement required equipment repositioning in 13.2% of cases. Throwing objects, often linked to behavioral habits, contributed to clutter (16%), whereas floor clearing/cleaning due to clutter added unnecessary tasks (13%).

conclusionThe findings underscored the significant role of physical-environmental factors in workflow interruptions in trauma rooms. These insights can inform evidence-based design improvements and operational strategies for future enhancements, ultimately improving staff and patient outcomes in high-pressure health care settings.

Indexed as

Trauma CentersWorkflowEfficiency, OrganizationalHumansPatient SafetyPilot ProjectsVideo Recordingevidence-based designpatient safetyphysical environmenttrauma roomworkflow interruptions

Identifiers

PMID40986490
PMCPMC12453099

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.