Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40986182›Full record

ArticleAdvances in therapy2025

A Strategic Roadmap to Support Communication on and Acceptance of Surrogate Endpoints: The REnal Surrogacy accEpTance in Chronic Kidney Disease (RESET CKD) Collaboration.

Juan José Garcia Sanchez, Marta Trapero-Bertran, Oriana Ciani, Bruno Detournay, Loreto Gesualdo, Hiddo J L Heerspink, Lesley A Inker, Smeeta Sinha, Christoph Wanner, Dustin J Little and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advances in therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Juan José Garcia SanchezHealth Economics, BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Barcelona, Spain. juanjose.garciasanchez@astrazeneca.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6546-7769
Marta Trapero-BertranDepartment of Economics and Business, Universidad de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
Oriana CianiSDA Bocconi School of Management, Centre for Research on Health and Social Care Management (CERGAS), Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-0508
Bruno DetournayCEMKA, Bourg-La-Reine, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7843-4608
Loreto GesualdoDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Hiddo J L HeerspinkDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Lesley A InkerDepartment of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Smeeta SinhaSalford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.
Christoph WannerDepartment of Clinical Studies and Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Dustin J LittleLate-Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Marvin SinsakulEarly Clinical Development, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
You-Seon NamGlobal Medical Affairs, BioPharmaceuticals Medical, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0817-0704
Rod S TaylorMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit & Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, School of Health and Well Being, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3043-6011

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDeveloping effective treatments in chronic, progressive diseases like chronic kidney disease (CKD) is challenging because patients may only experience relevant outcomes such as kidney failure after long periods of disease progression. Surrogate endpoints provide a valuable alternative to definitive final patient-relevant outcomes, which may accelerate clinical development processes. However, optimal utilization of surrogate endpoints for reimbursement decisions requires alignment across multiple stakeholders, including health technology assessment (HTA) bodies and reimbursement agencies, who are generally more cautious than regulatory bodies in their acceptance of surrogate endpoint evidence. The aim of this paper is to propose a strategic roadmap to facilitate cross-stakeholder collaboration and support the consideration of surrogate endpoints in regulatory and reimbursement decisions.

methodsAn international group of experts in surrogate endpoints, reimbursement decisions, and kidney disease formed The REnal Surrogacy accEpTance in Chronic Kidney Disease (RESET CKD) Collaboration. This scientific steering committee held several meetings to develop a roadmap of activities with the aim of enabling the appropriate consideration of surrogate endpoints through structured multi-stakeholder engagement involving regulators, clinicians, HTA bodies, payers, industry, and patients.

resultsThe strategic roadmap focuses on four areas: identifying the need for evidence; engaging stakeholders; collaborating in regulatory and reimbursement processes; and disseminating evidence. The RESET CKD collaboration is currently implementing the roadmap in the field of CKD through collating relevant evidence for a CKD-relevant surrogate endpoint in a scientific playbook, conducting economic evaluations, developing a position paper, and engaging patient groups.

conclusionsDisparities between regulatory and reimbursement processes and decisions underscore the need for a structured approach to enhancing transparency, consistency, and timeliness in the use of surrogate endpoint evidence in healthcare decision-making. The roadmap developed through the RESET CKD Collaboration addresses this need and is already demonstrating practical value in its implementation. Although initially focused on CKD, the framework is designed to be transferable to other therapeutic areas. Key challenges remain, including the integration of surrogate endpoints into adaptive pricing models and performance-based agreements.

Indexed as

BiomarkersRenal Insufficiency, ChronicDisease ProgressionHumansTechnology Assessment, BiomedicalBiomarkersChronic kidney diseaseHealth technology assessmentOutcome assessment (health care)Reimbursement mechanismsSurrogate endpoints

Identifiers

PMID40986182
PMCPMC12579683

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.