ReviewBioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy2025
The Present and Future of Monoclonal Antibody Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis.
Review in BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optimizing Infusion Center Efficiency in Multiple Sclerosis: A Nursing Multicenter Survey on Organizational Impact of Ublituximab.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The kynurenine pathway: an immunometabolic bridge linking systemic inflammation to neuroaxonal vulnerability in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Advances in understanding MS immunopathogenesis have led to the development of monoclonal antibodies (MABs) that target key immune pathways, providing highly selective and effective treatment options. Approved MABs, including those against CD20, CD25, CD52, and α4‑integrin, have demonstrated robust efficacy in reducing relapse rates, suppressing MRI activity, and, to some extent, slowing disability progression. Meanwhile, emerging agents aim to modulate neuroinflammation, promote remyelination, and improve safety profiles. This review summarizes the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety, and future perspectives of MAB therapies in MS, highlighting lessons from discontinued agents and opportunities for next‑generation therapeutics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40986178What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.