Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40984881›Full record

ArticleMaterials today. Bio2025

Carrier-free nanoparticles based on natural products trigger dual "synergy and attenuation" for enhanced phototherapy of liver cancer.

Xiongqin Wang, Kunhui Sun, Junlin Dong, Yanli Ge, Haifan Liu, Xingyue Jin, Xiao Pei, Ping Wang, Jianbing Jiang, Tiejie Wang and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials today. Bio, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Green-synthesized metal oxide nanoparticles enhance the antibacterial activity of Portulaca oleracea through foliar nano-elicitation.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Nanotechnology Meets Immunotherapy: Crosstalks Against Cancer.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Xiongqin WangNMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
Kunhui SunNMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
Junlin DongNMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
Yanli GeKey Laboratory for Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China.
Haifan LiuNMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
Xingyue JinNMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
Xiao PeiNMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
Ping WangNMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
Jianbing JiangSchool of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
Tiejie WangNMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
Xuelei HuKey Laboratory for Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China.
Shuguang YuanAlphaMol Science Ltd, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
Bing WangNMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
Xie-An YuNMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, 518057, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Carrier-free nanoparticles have attracted significant interest owing to their exceptional drug-loading efficiency, simple preparation, and good biosafety. Inspired by the synergism and attenuation strategy of natural products, carrier-free nanoparticles were constructed from a compatibility perspective, aiming to carry natural products to tumor sites as nanoparticles to achieve precise anti-cancer effects. Herein, the carrier-free nanoparticles based on gambogic acid and glycyrrhizic acid (GG NPs) were successfully formed via self-assembly. The internally generated "synergism and attenuation" GG NPs could enhance the anti-tumor effect, reduce toxicity to normal cells, and exhibit tumor-targeting capabilities. Further, to explore the role of GG NPs in enhancing phototherapy, the photosensitizer ZnPc 2 was self-assembled with GG NPs to form GGZ NPs.

Indexed as

Carrier-free nanoparticlesLiver cancerNatural productsPhototherapySynergistic and attenuation

Identifiers

PMID40984881
PMCPMC12450544

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.