Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40983959›Full record

ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2025

Establishing Epidemic and Intensity Thresholds After a Major Change in Respiratory Virus Surveillance in Spain in 2020.

Ana María Puerto, José Eugenio Lozano, Marcos Lozano, Luca Basile, Gael Naveira-Barbeito, Inés Guiu Cañete, Juan Antonio Linares Dópido, Ana Fernández Ibáñez, Ana Carmen Ibáñez Pérez, Daniel Castrillejo and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Ana María PuertoNational Centre of Epidemiology-Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
José Eugenio LozanoGeneral Public Health Directorate, Regional Ministry of Health, Valladolid, Spain.
Marcos LozanoNational Centre of Epidemiology-Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Luca BasileAgència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Gael Naveira-BarbeitoHealth Information Service, General Directorate of Public Health, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
Inés Guiu CañetePublic Health Surveillance and Immunisations Service, General Directorate of Public Health, Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain.
Juan Antonio Linares DópidoEpidemiology Service, General Directorate of Public Health, Extremadura Health Service, Mérida, Extremadura, Spain.
Ana Fernández IbáñezEpidemiological Surveillance Service, General Directorate of Public Health and Mental Health, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Ana Carmen Ibáñez PérezEpidemiology and Health Prevention Service, General Directorate of Public Health, La Rioja, Spain.
Daniel CastrillejoEpidemiological Surveillance, General Directorate of Public Health, Melilla, Spain.
Eva Rivas WagnerPublic Health Surveillance Unit, General Directorate of Public Health, Canary Islands Health Service, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
María Ángel Valcárcel de la IglesiaDepartment of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain.
Esteban Pérez MorillaGeneral Directorate of Public Health and Pharmaceutical Regulation, Regional Ministry of Health and Consumption, Seville, Andalusia, Spain.
Isabel Martínez-PinoGeneral Public Health Directorate, Regional Ministry of Health, Valladolid, Spain.
Tomás VegaGeneral Public Health Directorate, Regional Ministry of Health, Valladolid, Spain.
Susana MongeNational Centre of Epidemiology-Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
SiVIRA‐MEM collaborators

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWe estimated acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and influenza-like illness (ILI) thresholds for SiVIRA, a new integrated surveillance system set up in Spain in 2020.

methodsWe retrospectively extracted diagnostic codes from primary healthcare databases between Weeks 30/2010 and 39/2021, using methods similar to SiVIRA. Epidemic and intensity thresholds were estimated using the moving epidemic method (MEM).

resultsThe epidemic threshold for the 2024-2025 season was 400 cases per 100,000 persons for ARI and 36 for ILI, and medium, high, and very high intensity thresholds were 953, 1079, and 1139 for ARI and 167, 218, and 246 for ILI, estimating low intensity.

conclusionsReconstructing the historical series using electronic health records was possible and allowed the estimation of thresholds. Experience gained will guide the choice of MEM parameters in the future.

Indexed as

EpidemicsEpidemiological MonitoringInfluenza, HumanRespiratory Tract InfectionsAdolescentAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSeasonsacute respiratory infectionsinfluenzasurveillancethresholdstransmissibility

Identifiers

PMID40983959
PMCPMC12453968

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.