Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40983802›Full record

ArticleSurgical endoscopy2025

Barriers to interval cholecystectomy following percutaneous cholecystostomy in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis.

Sourav Podder, Kirsten Lung, George Ibrahim, Scott Koeneman, Joshua Marks, Murray Cohen, Anirudh Kohli

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Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sourav PodderDepartment of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 1015 Walnut Street, 613 Curtis, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA. Sourav.Podder@jefferson.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-4803-7594
Kirsten LungDepartment of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 1015 Walnut Street, 613 Curtis, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
George IbrahimDepartment of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 1015 Walnut Street, 613 Curtis, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
Scott KoenemanDepartment of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 1015 Walnut Street, 613 Curtis, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
Joshua MarksDepartment of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 1015 Walnut Street, 613 Curtis, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
Murray CohenDepartment of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 1015 Walnut Street, 613 Curtis, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
Anirudh KohliDepartment of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 1015 Walnut Street, 613 Curtis, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPercutaneous cholecystostomy (PCT) is an option for acute calculous cholecystitis in high-risk surgical patients. While PCT effectively manages acute episodes by providing source control, the management after PCT remains unclear. When feasible, subsequent interval cholecystectomy (IC) offers definitive disease resolution; however, clear guidelines for patient selection remain lacking. This study identifies factors that hinder the decision to proceed with IC, investigates whether IC after PCT is associated with improved survival, and assesses the incidence of subsequent biliary procedures after PCT.

methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using deidentified data from the TriNetX platform, encompassing over 100 million patients. Patients diagnosed with acute calculous cholecystitis who underwent PCT were identified. The primary outcome was the identification of factors associated with the failure to undergo IC after PCT. Secondary outcomes included assessing the hazard of death associated with IC, modeling IC as a time-varying covariate. Additionally, biliary interventions following PCT were quantified.

resultsAmong 419,102 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis, 8,483 (2.0%) underwent PCT. Of these, 43.0% subsequently underwent IC within one year. Patients with chronic ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ascites, diabetes, and concurrent diagnosis of septic shock were less likely to undergo IC. Additionally, 40.9% of patients required at least one additional biliary intervention within one year following PCT.

conclusionMore than half of patients do not undergo IC after PCT. Patients with comorbidities such as chronic ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ascites, diabetes, and concurrent diagnosis of septic shock are associated with failure to undergo IC. Moreover, patients who undergo PCT frequently require additional biliary interventions. This highlights the need for improved patient selection, structured follow-up, and optimization strategies to facilitate IC when feasible. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for managing comorbidities, increasing surgical eligibility, and ultimately improving outcomes for patients undergoing PCT for acute calculous cholecystitis.

Indexed as

CholecystectomyCholecystitis, AcuteCholecystostomyAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesAcute calculous cholecystitisInterval cholecystectomyPercutaneous cholecystostomy tube

Identifiers

PMID40983802
PMCPMC12708813

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.