ReviewBJC reports2025
Evaluating the significance of combining PD-L1 and TILs as biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immunotherapy: a systematic review.
Review in BJC reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development of m6A-related prognostic models for survival in lung squamous cell carcinoma with different PD-L1 expression levels.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Endobronchial Intratumoral Immuno- and Gene Therapies in Lung Cancer: Mechanisms of Local Delivery, Systemic Immune Effects, and Global Feasibility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Progress in perioperative immunotherapy for lung cancer and analysis of therapy (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- CirculatingCancers · 2026Article
- Digital immune twins and ai-integrated multi-omic biomarkers: Redefining personalized immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a well-established but suboptimal biomarker for predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), particularly CD8+ subsets, have demonstrated potential as complementary biomarker. Despite existing data on each biomarker individually, the combined effect is not fully understood. A systematic search of Ovid/Medline, Embase, and Web of Science identified studies on CD8+ TILs and PD-L1 in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs. The primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR) and durable clinical benefit (DCB). Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Thirteen studies (2490 patients) were included. PD-L1 expression was associated with longer PFS in 6 of 8 studies (HR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.49-0.90) but did not significantly correlate with OS. TILs alone showed no significant predictive value for PFS or OS. However, combining both biomarkers provided the strongest predictive value for PFS (HR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.27-0.57) and OS (HR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.31-0.56). Combining PD-L1 and TILs may more effectively predict PFS and OS than either biomarker alone, though their clinical application remains complex.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.