Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40983542›Full record

ArticleAnnals of family medicine2025

Impact of Pharmacy Technicians on Clinician and Nurse Work Experience in Primary Care.

Anusha McNamara, Lenny Lok Shun Chan, Rachel Willard-Grace, Tiffany C Kenison, Kevin Grumbach

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of family medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Anusha McNamaraSan Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California anusha.mcnamara@sfdph.org.
Lenny Lok Shun ChanSan Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California.
Rachel Willard-GraceCenter for Excellence in Primary Care, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.
Tiffany C KenisonSan Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California.
Kevin GrumbachCenter for Excellence in Primary Care, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeA mixed-methods study was conducted to determine if adding pharmacy technicians to primary care teams relieved clinicians and nurses of prescribing tasks and improved perceptions of administrative burden and quality of care.

methodsA retrospective mixed-methods study using a survey and analysis of electronic health record data was conducted 1 year after deployment of 5 primary care pharmacy technicians in a safety-net group of 11 primary care clinics. Measures included administrative data on pharmacy technician work, survey measures of clinician and nurse ratings of change in administrative burden and impact on patient care, and qualitative responses. Respondants to the survey included 46 physicians, 13 nurse practitioners or physician assistants, and 25 registered nurses (response rate 32%).

resultsIn 1 year, the 5 pharmacy technicians addressed 43,782 medication items (65% refills, 18% medication problem, 17% prior authorizations). Mean ratings among clinicians and nurses for medication access work on a pain point scale of 1 to 10 decreased from 8.3 to 3.6 (

conclusionsPharmacy technicians are an underrecognized asset for team-based primary care, bringing expertise in efficiently managing medication access processes that benefits clinician and nurse work experience, quality of care, and patient access to medications.

Indexed as

Pharmacy TechniciansPrimary Health CareAdultAttitude of Health PersonnelFemaleHumansMaleNursesPatient Care TeamQuality of Health CareRetrospective StudiesSurveys and Questionnaireshealth services accessibilitymedication accesspatient care teampharmacy technicianprimary health careprior authorizationteam-based care

Identifiers

PMID40983542
PMCPMC12459697

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.