SynthesisAnnals of medicine2025
Association between constipation and risk of cardiovascular or all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Annals of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Letter to the editor regarding 'association between constipation and risk of cardiovascular or all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis'.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConstipation, characterized by infrequent bowel movements or difficulty with defecation, is a common gastrointestinal disorder. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between constipation and the risks of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
methodsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science was conducted through 6 August 2025, to identify longitudinal observational studies examining the association between constipation and mortality. Pooled adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using random-effects models to account for substantial clinical heterogeneity in constipation definitions across studies.
resultsThirteen studies (14 articles) involving 3,710,453 participants were included. Pooled analyses revealed a significant association between constipation and all-cause mortality across different populations: a HR of 1.10 (95% CI 1.02-1.19) for the general population, 1.40 (95% CI 1.16-4.68) for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and 1.85 (95% CI 1.28-2.67) for patients with heart failure. Conversely, no significant associations were observed for cardiovascular mortality in either the general population (HR 1.19; 95% CI 0.99-1.45) or CKD patients (HR 1.33; 95% CI 0.83-2.13).
conclusionsConstipation is independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, particularly in patients with chronic conditions such as CKD and heart failure. However, standardized measurement protocols and validation across diverse cohorts are necessary to clarify its prognostic significance.
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