Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40982375›Full record

ArticleBiomedical instrumentation & technology2025

Test Method Development for Cleaning Chemistry Performance Determination.

Terra Kremer, Ralph Basile, Alpa Patel, Kaumudi Kulkarni, Joseph Simbeni, Patrick Zwamborn, Kyona Baars

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomedical instrumentation & technology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Terra Kremer
Ralph Basile
Alpa Patel
Kaumudi Kulkarni
Joseph Simbeni
Patrick Zwamborn
Kyona Baars

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Currently, manufacturers of cleaning agents are not obligated to verify the efficacy of formulations used in detergents. Because of a lack of standards, companies can market cleaning agents to healthcare systems for cleaning purposes without substantiated evidence that the agents meet minimum performance criteria, as validated by medical device manufacturers. Absence of standards and regulatory oversight on the performance assessment of cleaning agents exacerbates the risk to patient safety for reusable medical devices. The aim of the current work was to develop a standard test method for reliably assessing the performance of cleaning agents. Water was used as the test method control to normalize cleaning agent performance. Cleaning agents, which were advertised as economy (i.e., minimal performance) and premium (i.e., high performance), were challenged as independent variables in the test system. Control variables were modified for each experiment to isolate the highest performing variable combination, and robustness was evaluated by performance testing at multiple independent laboratories. By controlling variables such as soil type, application, drying, and exposure time, a standardized, reproducible test method for evaluating the performance of cleaning agents used in medical device processing was developed. This approach can allow for reliable comparisons of cleaning agents to empower medical device manufacturers and healthcare facilities to make informed choices, ultimately contributing to improved patient safety through more effective cleaning validation.

Indexed as

DetergentsEquipment and SuppliesHumansReproducibility of ResultsDetergents

Identifiers

PMID40982375
PMCPMC12453126

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.