ArticleDrug delivery2025
Electroporation induced changes in extracellular vesicle profile.
Article in Drug delivery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- A multifunctional DECM/PLMA hydrogel incorporated with engineered PRP-derived exosomes enabling PHD2 silencing for skin wound repair.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- Artificial intelligence and extracellular vesicles in oncology: towards tumor diagnosis, prediction, and therapy.Drug delivery · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles released by in vitro plant cell cultures: emerging systems for vesicle-mediated communication and biomedical translation.Plant cell reports · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in targeted drug delivery: from biological functions to surface engineering.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Electrical Stimulation of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Schwann Cells for Regulating Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Inflammation.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Illuminating cancer therapy: The translational path of optogenetics.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Exosome-mediated siRNA delivery in cancer: Loading strategies, targeting approaches, and therapeutic outcomes.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Matrix-Bound Nanovesicles as Tissue-Specific Signaling Hubs for Immunomodulation and Precision Regenerative Medicine.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Engineered small extracellular vesicles in hematologic malignancies: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and translational challenges.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles: A Natural Nanomaterial for Biomedical Application.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dual-loaded homotypic exosomes with endogenous IR808 and pH-responsive DOX drive sequenced chemo-PDT and convert "cold" OSCC tumors "hot".Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Toward an age of CRISPR delivery with non-viral biologics.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Macrophage-Based Nanoplatforms for Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery and Cancer Immunomodulation: Extracellular Vesicles, Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles, and Live Cells.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Precision Engineering of Extracellular Vesicles as Programmable Carriers for mRNA Therapeutics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in the Heart-Organ Axis: From Inter-Organ Communication to Precision Nanomedicine for Heart Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicle-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising drug delivery systems (DDSs). Electroporation is widely applied in the loading of therapeutic payloads but has not been optimized for EV loading. Understanding the potential effects of electroporation on EV profile and integrity is important if they are to be applied therapeutically. In the present study, EVs were isolated and subjected to electroporation at different voltages (500-1000 mV), pulse numbers (1-3), and pulse widths (10-30 ms). Particle concentration, size distribution, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), and protein concentration were analyzed and western blotting was performed to evaluate possible variations in EV surface markers. Suspension in electroporation buffer (EB) significantly reduced EV concentration, increased particle size, and reduced the ZP. Native EV profile could not be recovered following washing. Electroporation parameters (EPs) applied had variable effects on in EV profile, with reductions in surface protein concentration and a more neutral ZP observed. In conclusion, we identified that the electroporation protocol had a considerable impact on basic EV properties, which could impact their application as DDS. Further optimization of EBs and protocols is required to retain native EV profile following loading.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.