ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2025
Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia Syndrome in an ART-naïve Patient With CSF/Plasma HIV-1 RNA Discordance.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is a rare neuroimmunological disorder with diverse etiologies, including infection-associated triggers such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Herein, we report a case of HIV-associated OMAS in an antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patient who presented with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/plasma HIV-1 RNA discordance. A 16-year-old female was diagnosed with HIV following the onset of OMAS. The CSF HIV-1 RNA level was higher than that in the plasma. After ART initiation, both the CSF HIV viral load and OMAS symptoms improved simultaneously. This case demonstrates that CSF/plasma HIV-1 RNA discordance can occur in ART-naïve patients with HIV-associated OMAS. Moreover, our findings suggest that, in such cases, viral suppression through ART alone may be sufficient to achieve clinical resolution without the need for adjunctive immunosuppressive therapy.
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