Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40980507›Full record

ArticleBioactive materials2025

Cascade-targeted delivery platform enhances antigen cross-presentation and STING activation for durable cellular immunity.

Yuan Xue, Shuting Bai, Yating Wang, Jiaxing Feng, Kun Xiong, Xue Tang, Chunting He, Yanhua Xu, Hongling Yu, Tianyi Luo and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Bioactive materials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Nanomaterials-Based Immunotherapy for Atherosclerosis.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Yuan XueKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Shuting BaiKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Yating WangKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Jiaxing FengKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Kun XiongKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Xue TangKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Chunting HeKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Yanhua XuKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Hongling YuKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Tianyi LuoKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Qing LinKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Xun SunKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Ling ZhangCollege of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
Zhirong ZhangKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Tao GongKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems of Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Achieving robust and durable cellular immunity remains a key challenge in the development of subunit vaccines, primarily due to inefficient antigen cross-presentation and inadequate immune activation. Here, we engineered a series of nano-emulsions by conjugating human serum albumin (HSA) with fatty acids of varying chain lengths. Through systematic screening, the palmitic acid-modified nano-emulsion was identified as the most effective carrier, exhibiting intrinsic self-adjuvant properties and a strong capacity to elicit cellular immune responses. Notably, this formulation enables cascade-targeted delivery, trafficking sequentially from lymph nodes to antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and ultimately to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Upon co-delivery of the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) and a stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, the nano-emulsion facilitates both efficient antigen cross-presentation and precise intracellular activation of the STING pathway. This synergistic mechanism significantly enhances CD8

Indexed as

Antigen cross-presentationCascade-targeted deliveryCD8+ T cell responseEndoplasmic reticulum targetingNano-emulsionSTING activation

Identifiers

PMID40980507
PMCPMC12445615

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.