Comparative analysis of a 5G campus network and existing networks for real-time consultation in remote pathology.

The rapid advancements in digital pathology, particularly in whole-slide imaging (WSI), have transformed remote histological analysis by enabling high-resolution digitization and real-time consultations. However, these workflows place significant demands on network infrastructure, requiring high bandwidth, low latency, and consistent performance. Whereas 5G networks have been extensively studied in controlled lab environments, their real-world applications in clinical settings remain underexplored. This study provides a comparative analysis of 5G Campus Networks (5G CN) and traditional institutional networks, focusing on their performance during remote pathology tasks. Key metrics such as throughput, latency, and image quality were evaluated under various device loads to simulate real-world conditions. Although 5G CN did not consistently outperform in absolute throughput, it demonstrated superior adaptability, lower latency, and reduced variability, ensuring stable performance even with increasing network demand. These attributes are critical for time-sensitive workflows like frozen section analysis, where reliability and speed are paramount. The findings highlight the potential of 5G CN to support emerging digital pathology applications, including real-time consultation. Furthermore, the study underscores the need for future research on 5G slicing and its ability to optimize network resources for high-demand medical applications. This work provides valuable insights into optimizing network infrastructure for the evolving demands of remote diagnostics in digital pathology.