ArticleJournal of diabetes and metabolic disorders2025
Pre-pandemic diabetes and risk of long COVID: longitudinal evidence.
Article in Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prepandemic Risk Factors for Disabling Long COVID: A Prospective Cohort Analysis.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To examine whether pre-pandemic diabetes is associated with an increased risk of Long COVID in a nationally representative UK cohort. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort analysis using data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study. A total of 11,669 adults aged ≥ 16 years were followed from Wave 10 (2018-19) to Wave 14 (2022-23). The primary exposure, pre-pandemic diabetes, was defined at baseline (Wave 10) based on self-report of a doctor diagnosis. The primary outcome, Long COVID, was assessed at follow-up (Wave 14) and defined as self-reported symptoms lasting more than 12 weeks after a COVID-19 infection that could not be explained by another cause. Modified Poisson regression models with robust standard errors were used to estimate relative risks of Long COVID associated with pre-pandemic diabetes. Predictive margins were then calculated to obtain adjusted probabilities. Results: At follow-up, 1,076 participants (9.2%) reported Long COVID. In the unadjusted model, participants with pre-pandemic diabetes had a 36% higher risk of Long COVID compared with those without diabetes (RR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.09-1.69, Conclusions: In this nationally representative prospective cohort, pre-pandemic diabetes emerged as an independent risk factor for Long COVID. Enhanced surveillance and targeted support for individuals with diabetes may be warranted in Long COVID care strategies.
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