The Predictive Value of ADC Values, Degree of Edema and the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index for Early Postoperative Recurrence in High-Grade Gliomas.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, degree of edema and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) for early postoperative recurrence in high-grade gliomas (HGG). Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from patients with HGG who underwent surgery at the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province between May 2018 and June 2023. Patients were divided into early recurrence (within six months post-surgery) and non-early recurrence groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to develop predictive models for early recurrence of HGG based on ADC, degree of edema and SII. Results: A total of 68 patients with HGG were included, of whom 20 (29.5%) had early recurrence. Significant differences were observed between the early recurrence and non-early recurrence groups in age, tumor size, degree of edema, and Pathologic grading (all P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for tumor ADC was 0.623 (95% CI: 0.461-0.786) with a sensitivity of 0.500 and a specificity of 0.854; for degree of edema, it was 0.652 (95% CI: 0.517-0.787) with a sensitivity of 0.900 and a specificity of 0.458; and for SII, it was 0.781 (95% CI: 0.663-0.900) with a sensitivity of 0.750 and a specificity of 0.729. The combined model yielded an AUC of 0.823 (95% CI: 0.715-0.931) with a sensitivity of 0.800 and a specificity of 0.708. Conclusion: The combined evaluation of tumor ADC values, SII, and the degree of edema offers predictive value for early recurrence in HGG.