Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40978257›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Is the Impostor Phenomenon expressed in language? An LIWC analysis of textual self-descriptions.

Kay Brauer, René T Proyer

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Kay BrauerDepartment of Psychology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
René T ProyerDepartment of Psychology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Impostor Phenomenon (IP) describes individual differences in self-perceptions of intellectual fraudulence. Based on the notion that personality traits are reflected in individual differences in language use, the literature provided initial evidence that the IP relates to language use. While earlier research was limited to job application letters, we expanded the study of the interconnectedness between the IP and language use by analyzing open self-descriptions (length limited to up to five sentences). We analyzed short textual self-descriptions by 325 participants with Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software and examined their associations with self-reports of the IP. Contrary to earlier research, we found that the IP is unrelated to language use according to quantitative text analysis with the LIWC, except for using more words expressing anxiety (

Indexed as

Clance Impostor Phenomenon ScaleImpostor PhenomenonlanguageLIWCpersonality

Identifiers

PMID40978257
PMCPMC12443818

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.