Anterior Disc Displacement of Temporomandibular Joint: Imaging Diagnosis and Multidisciplinary Treatment.

Anterior disc displacement (ADD) of temporomandibular joint is a common pathological basis for temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). A clear diagnosis of ADD is beneficial for identifying the stage of disease, determining treatment schemes, and evaluating treatment prognosis. Different imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, ultrasonography, etc. have their own indications for diagnosing ADD. Researchers have made great efforts to explore imaging techniques, and new methods and improvements are constantly emerging. The treatment of ADD is gradually developing towards multidisciplinary collaboration, with psychological therapy, medication therapy, physical therapy, surgical treatment, and other treatments all playing a role. The treatment methods can be divided into three categories: reversible conservative treatment, irreversible conservative treatment, and surgery. Usually in clinical practice, treatment methods are considered sequentially in this order. The multidisciplinary approach in TMD treatment demonstrates the charm of holistic concept. It is a manifestation of the biopsychosocial model and a future trend in disease prevention and treatment.