ArticleTobacco induced diseases2025
Gender-specific effects of smoking and alcohol consumption on cardiometabolic diseases and multimorbidity: A cross-sectional study.
Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Estimated pulse wave velocity, waist-to-height ratio, and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: A secondary dataset analysis of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Co-occurrence and clustering characteristics of health risk behaviors among older adults in China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
introductionGender-specific variations in hormonal profiles, adipose tissue distribution, and metabolic pathways may differentially modulate the health impacts of smoking and alcohol use. Current population-based studies on the impact of smoking and alcohol consumption on cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) and multimorbidity (CMM) often lack gender-stratified analyses, thereby limiting the evidence base for gender-tailored preventive strategies.
methodsThis population-based cross-sectional study used data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and a total of 11447 participants were included in the analysis. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to assess behavioral risk factors, with interaction terms evaluating effect modification by gender.
resultsThe prevalence was 16.67% for CMD and 5.66% for CMM. Participants who smoked were more likely to report CMM than those who did not smoke (OR=2.70, p<0.05). Smoking was significantly associated with the prevalence of CMD in females (AOR=1.34, p<0.05), but not in males (p=0.556). Moreover, female smokers were more likely to report CMM compared to male smokers (AOR
conclusionsSmoking may have a potential gender-specific effect on the risk of CMD and CMM, with female smokers exhibiting a higher prevalence of CMM than males. This highlights the need to integrate gender considerations into chronic disease prevention frameworks.
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