Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40977351›Full record

ReviewEuropean psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists2025

Policy paper of the Committee on Ethics and Task Force on Migration and Mental Health: Migration and mental health of migrants, refugees, asylum seekers - Ethical dilemmas and concerns.

Meryam Schouler-Ocak, Sofie Bäärnhielm, Ilaria Tarricone, Kristina Adorjan, Jerzy Samochowiec, Egor Chumakov, Apostolos Veizis, Ahmet Tamer Aker, Silvana Galderisi, Sam Tyano and 6 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Cultural psychiatry in Flanders, Belgium: an exploratory focus group study and position statement.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Meryam Schouler-OcakDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1846-3500
Sofie BäärnhielmDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet (KI) & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ilaria TarriconeDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, https://ror.org/01111rn36Alma Mater Studiorum-Bologna University, Italy.
Kristina AdorjanInstitute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7501-9556
Jerzy SamochowiecDepartment of Psychiatry, https://ror.org/01v1rak05Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1438-583X
Egor ChumakovDepartment of Psychiatry and Addiction, https://ror.org/023znxa73St. Petersburg University, St. Petersburg, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-0429-8460
Apostolos VeizisINTERSOS Hellas - Humanitarian Organization, Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-9249-0315
Ahmet Tamer AkerTrauma and Disaster Mental Health Program, https://ror.org/04pm4x478Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Silvana GalderisiDepartment of Psychiatry, https://ror.org/05290cv24University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1592-7656
Sam TyanoDepartment of Psychiatry, https://ror.org/04mhzgx49Tel Aviv University Medical School, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Mariana Pinto da Costahttps://ror.org/0220mzb33King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5966-5723
Thomas PollmächerCenter for Mental Health, https://ror.org/035d65343Klinikum Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany.
Luís MadeiraDepartment of Psychiatry, Institute of Preventive Medicine, https://ror.org/01c27hj86University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-2718-9758
Eka ChkoniaDepartment of Psychiatry, https://ror.org/020jbrt22Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.ORCID 0000-0002-8817-9679
Simavi VahipDepartment of Psychiatry, https://ror.org/02eaafc18Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0003-0645-7098
Dinesh BhugraMental Health & Cultural Diversity, Centre for Affective Disorders, https://ror.org/0220mzb33Kings College, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0613-2480

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInternational migration is a complex phenomenon of global and historical relevance. It includes voluntary, forced, and workforce migration, shaped by diverse determinants. Push factors comprise war, persecution, and political instability, while pull factors include stability, economic opportunities, education, and favorable living conditions. Forced migration is frequently associated with displacement and a disproportionate burden of mental health disorders, which are urgent yet difficult to address due to structural, cultural, and legal barriers.

methodsEvidence demonstrates that restricted health care access exacerbates psychiatric disorders, while treatment delays contribute to poorer outcomes. Barriers include administrative limitations, linguistic and cultural differences, stigma, and resource shortages. This policy paper was developed by the Committee on Ethics and the Task Force on Migration and Mental Health of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA). Relevant literature was reviewed and combined with the professional expertise of committee members. The draft was subsequently evaluated by the Publication Committee and the EPA Board, and revised accordingly.

resultsEthical principles in refugee care are insufficiently implemented in many European countries. Core principles of medical ethics - beneficence, respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, and justice - as well as the obligation to advance psychiatric standards and apply psychiatric expertise for societal benefit, are inconsistently upheld.

conclusionsThe primary duty of physicians is to promote health and well-being through competent, timely, and compassionate care. The EPA therefore advocates coordinated strategies to mitigate the mental health consequences of war, displacement, and trauma, and to secure equitable access to psychiatric services for migrants and refugees.

Indexed as

Emigration and ImmigrationMental DisordersMental HealthMental Health ServicesRefugeesTransients and MigrantsAdvisory CommitteesEthical DilemmasEuropeHealth Services AccessibilityHumansethical principles and dilemmasmental healthmigrantsrecommendationsrefugees

Identifiers

PMID40977351
PMCPMC12646027

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.