Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40977321›Full record

ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2025

Astragalus polysaccharide and aluminum adjuvant synergize to amplify immune responses induced by a recombinant COVID-19 vaccine.

Wen Zhang, Jing Chen, Lili Wang, Yuanyuan Wu, Wenwen Kong, Yu Chen, Zhijie Hu, Ying Zhang, Ziqiang Ding, Yuxin Chen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Wen ZhangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Joint Institute of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital for Life and Health, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Jing ChenDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Joint Institute of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital for Life and Health, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Lili WangClinical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Yuanyuan WuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Joint Institute of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital for Life and Health, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Wenwen KongDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Joint Institute of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital for Life and Health, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Yu ChenDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Joint Institute of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital for Life and Health, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Zhijie HuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Joint Institute of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital for Life and Health, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Ying ZhangPrenatal Diagnosis Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Ziqiang DingDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Joint Institute of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital for Life and Health, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Yuxin ChenDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Joint Institute of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital for Life and Health, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5955-687X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite extensive surveillance and intervention efforts, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a significant global public health threat. Vaccination is recognized as the most effective strategy for controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the immunogenicity of current COVID-19 vaccines, particularly protein subunit vaccines, requires further enhancement, highlighting the development of novel adjuvants to improve vaccine efficacy. In this study, we systematically evaluated the immunoenhancing effects of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), a natural adjuvant, on SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccines using a BALB/c mouse immunization model. Our results demonstrate that APS significantly augments COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity by promoting antibody production, activating antigen-specific IgG

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAluminumAstragalus PlantCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesPolysaccharidesAnimalsAntibodies, ViralB-LymphocytesFemaleImmunity, CellularImmunoglobulin GMiceMice, Inbred BALB CSARS-CoV-2Vaccines, SyntheticAdjuvants, ImmunologicAluminumAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesImmunoglobulin GPolysaccharidesVaccines, SyntheticadjuvantAstragalus polysaccharide (APS)COVID-19 vaccineimmunogenicityimmunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID40977321
PMCPMC12456211

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.