ArticleMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2025
The CM-aGPi Network in the Generation of Tics in Tourette Syndrome.
Article in Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Deep Learning for Automated Tic Detection and Prediction in Tourette Syndrome Using Electromyography and Video.Research square · 2026Article
- Optimal Deep Brain Stimulation Locations for Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intermittent involuntary, repetitive movements and vocalizations collectively referred to as tics. For participants with severe tics who are resistant to medication and behavioral therapy, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a potential treatment. Suboptimal animal models and shortcomings in anatomical imaging have collectively hindered progress in understanding the neurophysiological basis of human tic generation.
objectivesThis study investigates the mechanisms underlying tic generation across two DBS targets with simultaneous recordings-the centromedian thalamus (CM) and anterior globus pallidus internus (aGPi)-and their interactions.
methodsSix participants with TS underwent bilateral implantation of four total CM and aGPi leads connected to two adaptive neurostimulators. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans localized lead and contact locations in CM and aGPi. Neural signals were recorded over nine consecutive monthly visits, encompassing both tic and symptom-free states. No stimulation was applied during the recordings.
resultsRecordings from both human CM and aGPi revealed increased low-frequency (<20 Hz) power during both motor and vocal tics. The pallido-thalamic coherence in the pathological 1-10 Hz band was significantly greater during tics than in symptom-free states. The phase difference between the two nuclei was reduced during tics, with higher internuclear phase differences observed in the left hemisphere.
conclusionThese findings reveal distinct neural dynamics in the basal ganglia-thalamus network during tic generation, providing insight into the pathophysiology underlying human TS. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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