Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40976782›Full record

ArticleLipids2026

Associations Between Fatty Acid Levels in Human Blood and Trigeminovascular Tissues.

Daisy Zamora, Mark S Horowitz, Sharon F Majchrzak-Hong, Katherine Ness Shipley, Nicholas M Salem, Ann I Scher, Matthew R Sapio, Michael J Iadarola, Christopher E Ramsden

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Lipids, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Daisy ZamoraLipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Mark S HorowitzLipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0061-8586
Sharon F Majchrzak-HongIntramural Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Katherine Ness ShipleyIntramural Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Nicholas M SalemIntramural Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Ann I ScherUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Matthew R SapioDepartment of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Michael J IadarolaDepartment of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Christopher E RamsdenLipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Funding

Procurement and Characterization of Postmortem Brain TissueZICMH002903 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI MARENCO, STEFANO · 2009 to 2025
$56.0M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIC MH002903John M. DavisNIAAA NIH HHSNIA NIH HHSNIMH NIH HHS ZIC MH002903NINDS NIH HHSUniversity of North Carolina, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are precursors to oxylipins that modulate pain and inflammation. We previously demonstrated that (1) a dietary intervention increasing omega-3 and reducing omega-6 PUFAs alters the concentration of these oxylipin precursors in blood, and (2) these changes are associated with reduced headache pain in humans. However, the extent to which blood levels reflect trigeminovascular tissues remains unclear. We sought to determine whether oxylipin precursor PUFA levels in blood reflect those in the meninges, cranial arteries, and trigeminal ganglia. Precursor PUFA compositions of post-mortem blood and trigeminovascular tissue specimens from 70 individuals, procured from the Human Brain Collection Core at the National Institute of Mental Health, were quantified. Regression models adjusted for confounders examined relationships between blood and tissue PUFA levels. Eicosapentaenoic acid in blood was associated with levels in cranial arteries, meninges, and trigeminal ganglia [logged coefficients (p value): 0.29 (0.019); 0.37 (< 0.001); 0.25 (0.009)]. Other PUFAs, including linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, n-6 docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, also showed significant associations between blood and meninges and/or trigeminal ganglia levels. These findings support using blood measurements of certain PUFAs as a proxy for their concentration in tissues directly involved in headache pathogenesis.

Indexed as

Fatty AcidsTrigeminal GanglionAdultAgedFatty Acids, Omega-3Fatty Acids, Omega-6FemaleHumansMaleMeningesMiddle AgedFatty AcidsFatty Acids, Omega-3Fatty Acids, Omega-6fatty acidsheadachemeningesmigraineoxylipinstrigeminal nerve

Identifiers

PMID40976782
PMCPMC12780466

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.