ArticleJournal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis2026
Low-Density-Lipoprotein Cholesterol Control and Treatment Status 1 Year after the Initial Health Checkup in Individuals with Referral-Level LDL Cholesterol.
Article in Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
aimsDespite strong recommendations for medical consultation, the treatment status and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels at 1-year follow-up of individuals with referral-level LDL-C identified in health checkups remain unclear. We evaluated the treatment status and 1-year LDL-C control among individuals identified in health checkups as requiring early medical consultation due to LDL-C levels of ≥ 180 mg/dL.
methodsWe conducted a nationwide cohort study including health checkup data for individuals aged 20-74 years. We identified 102,049 individuals (median age: 48 years; male: 66.8%) with uncontrolled LDL-C (≥ 180 mg/dL) at baseline, who had no prior lipid-lowering therapy. Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to assess factors associated with uncontrolled LDL-C at 1 year.
resultsAmong individuals with LDL-C ≥ 180 mg/dL at baseline, 56,147 (55.0%) visited a medical institution within 3 months of the checkup, and 13,124 (12.9%) were prescribed lipid-lowering medications at 1 year. At 1 year follow-up, 49,260 (48.3%) still had LDL-C ≥ 180 mg/dL. Factors associated with persistent LDL-C ≥ 180 mg/dL at 1 year included obesity (RR: 1.07, [95% CI: 1.06-1.09]), 10 mg/dL increase in LDL-C at baseline (1.11 [1.10-1.11]), smoking (1.05 [1.04-1.07]), alcohol consumption (0.95 [0.94-0.97]), poor sleep quality (1.02 [1.01-1.03]), and skipping breakfast ≥ 3 times per week (1.07 [1.05-1.08]).
conclusionsDespite being classified as requiring early medical intervention, only half of individuals with LDL-C ≥ 180 mg/dL visited a physician within 3 months, and nearly half continued to have uncontrolled LDL-C at 1 year. Strategies to facilitate timely medical visits and appropriate lipid management in health checkup-identified cases are warranted.
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