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ArticlePediatric cardiology2026

Pediatric Cross-Sectional Cardiac Imaging in Europe: Current Status, Disparities, and Potential Solutions: A Survey from the Association for European Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC) Imaging Working Group.

Tristan Ramcharan, Arno Roest, Inga Voges, Massimiliano Cantinotti, Heynric Grotenhuis, Almudena Ortiz Garrido, Giulia Pasqualin, Giovanni Di Salvo, Sylvia Krupickova, György Róth and 24 more

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Article in Pediatric cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

34 authors.

Tristan RamcharanDepartment of Paediatric Cardiology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK. tristanramcharan@doctors.org.uk.
Arno RoestDivision of Pediatric Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Inga VogesDepartment of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
Massimiliano CantinottiNational Research Council-Tuscany Region, G.Monasterio Foundation, Massa, Italy.
Heynric GrotenhuisUniversity Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Almudena Ortiz GarridoDepartment Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital Materno-Infantil, Málaga, Spain.
Giulia PasqualinPediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Disease Heart Centre, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy.
Giovanni Di SalvoUniversity Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Sylvia KrupickovaRoyal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
György RóthHungarian Pediatric Heart Center, Gottsegen György Hungarian Institute of Cardiology, Budapest, Hungary.
Antonis JossifPaedi Center for Specialized Pediatrics, Strovolos, Cyprus.
Thomas SalaetsDepartment Paediatric Cardiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.
Henrik BrunDepartment for Pediatric Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Brian GrantDepartment of Paediatric Cardiology, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Belfast, UK.
Carl GlessgenUniversity Hospitals Geneva CH, Geneva, Switzerland.
Andreas PetropoulosAziz Aliyev National Postgraduate Medical Training and CME Centre, Baku, Azerbaijan.
Gabriela DorosVictor Babes UMF, IIIrd Pediatric Clinic, Louis Turcanu Emergency Children Hospital, Timisoara, Romania.
Helen PärnaTallinn Children's Hospital, Tallinn, Estonia.
Karel KoubskySecond Faculty of Medicine, Children's Heart Centre, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Peter OlejnikFaculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Inguna LubauaChildren's Clinical University Hospital LV, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia.
Ulrike HerbergRWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
Lars IdornDepartment of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Anna Sabaté RotésVall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
Diala KhraicheUnité Médico-Chirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale Et Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes-M3C, Centre de Référence Des Cardiomyopathies Et Des Troubles du Rythme Cardiaque Héréditaires Ou Rares, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
Rui AnjosNova Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal.
Tara BharuchaDepartment of Paediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
Beatrice BonelloDepartment of Paediatric Cardiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Jan MarekDepartment of Paediatric Cardiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Emanuela ValsangiacomoDepartment of Paediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Franz Gerald GreilDepartment of Pediatrics, Chldren's Medical Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.
Owen MillerDepartment of Paediatric Cardiology, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK.
Francesca RaimondiDivision of Pediatric Cardiology, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy.
Colin J McMahonUniversity School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cross-sectional cardiac imaging including cardiac computed tomography (CCT) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) allows three-dimensional imaging of intracardiac and extracardiac structures. This study was undertaken to better understand current European practice of pediatric cardiology cross-sectional imaging, in addition to how training is undertaken in different centers. A structured detailed 64-question survey focusing on cross-sectional imaging was circulated to all Imaging Working Group members of the 95 AEPC affiliated centers. Consultants from 42 centers (44%) from 25 different European countries completed the survey, between 7th July 2024 and 28th October 2024. Ninety percent of centers have been performing pediatric CCT for > 10 years, with median 135 scans/year. Comparatively, 84% of centers have been performing CMR for > 10 years, with a median 200 scans/year. CCT was performed by a pediatric radiologist, whereas CMR was more often performed by a pediatric cardiologist, but frequently both modalities were undertaken by a combination of pediatric cardiologists and radiologists. Less than two-third of centers surveyed train fellows in CMR or CCT. Many fellows travel abroad to obtain specialist training. Just over half of the centers surveyed have institutional guidelines for pediatric CCT/CMR, with the majority agreeing that provision of European (AEPC-led) guidelines for pediatric CCT/CMR would be helpful. Across Europe there is significant variation in how CCT/CMR is performed and how pediatric cardiologists are trained in cross-sectional imaging. This survey highlights the current state of cross-sectional imaging in Europe, challenges faced, but also explores potential solutions to standardize European cross-sectional imaging.

Indexed as

Cardiac Imaging TechniquesCardiologyHeart Defects, CongenitalMagnetic Resonance ImagingPediatricsTomography, X-Ray ComputedChildEuropeHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalSurveys and QuestionnairesCardiac CTCardiac MRICongenital heart diseaseCross-sectional imagingPediatric cardiologyTraining

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.