Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40974208›Full record

Observational studyBJU international2025

Incidence and risk factors for postoperative vaginal events following radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: a nationwide population-based study.

Elin Kalén, Charlotte Ginstman, Fredrik Liedberg, Oskar Hagberg, Martin Holmbom, Tomas Jerlström, Staffan Jahnson, Truls Gårdmark, Viveka Ströck, Lars Holmberg and 2 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BJU international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Elin KalénDepartment of Urology in Östergötland, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Charlotte GinstmanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Fredrik LiedbergDepartment of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-8193-0370
Oskar HagbergDepartment of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Martin HolmbomDepartment of Urology in Östergötland, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Tomas JerlströmDepartment of Urology, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Staffan JahnsonDepartment of Urology in Östergötland, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-8012-2742
Truls GårdmarkDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Viveka StröckDepartment of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Lars HolmbergDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Christel HäggströmDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-6808-4405
Firas AljaberyDepartment of Urology in Östergötland, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo estimate the probability of vaginal events (diagnosis and/or surgery) following radical cystectomy (RC) and explore possible risk factors in a nationwide population-based observational registry based study. PATIENTS AND

methodsWomen undergoing RC for urinary bladder cancer in Sweden, from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 2019, were identified within national registries. Women with any postoperative vaginal event (PVE), either a diagnosis or surgical repair related to a vaginal complication, were identified using diagnostic and treatment codes. The probability of developing a PVE was estimated based on the cumulative incidence proportion using a competing risk model. Additionally, a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the risk factors for PVEs. Subgroup analysis was performed in patients operated from 2011 to 2019, where additional perioperative variables were registered.

resultsThe study encompassed 1914 women with a median age of 69 years at the time of bladder cancer diagnosis. The 5-year cumulative risk of PVEs in the entire cohort was 11% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.5-12.5%). Subgroup analysis showed that robot-assisted RC and a body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m

conclusionsA clinically relevant cumulative incidence of PVEs following RC was identified. An association between robot-assisted RC or high BMI with increased risk of a PVE indicate the need for further studies on risk assessment of vaginal complications.

Indexed as

CystectomyPostoperative ComplicationsUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsVaginal DiseasesAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansIncidenceMiddle AgedRegistriesRisk FactorsSwedenbladder cancercumulative incidenceradical cystectomyrisk factorvaginal events

Identifiers

PMID40974208
PMCPMC12606545

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.