Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40973667›Full record

ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2026

Impact of non-serious infections on medication interruptions, quality of life, and disease flares in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Heta Patel, Kelly Gavigan, Shilpa Venkatachalam, David Curtis, Laura Stradford, W Benjamin Nowell, Joshua F Baker, Fenglong Xie, Jeffrey R Curtis, Michael D George

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Heta PatelPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-2256-9586
Kelly GaviganGlobal Healthy Living Foundation, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2615-4940
Shilpa VenkatachalamGlobal Healthy Living Foundation, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3889-9034
David CurtisGlobal Healthy Living Foundation, New York, NY, USA.
Laura StradfordGlobal Healthy Living Foundation, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6890-1022
W Benjamin NowellGlobal Healthy Living Foundation, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4951-6476
Joshua F BakerPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0799-7563
Fenglong XieFoundation for Advancing Science, Technology, Education and Research, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Jeffrey R CurtisFoundation for Advancing Science, Technology, Education and Research, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8907-8976
Michael D GeorgePerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0398-2308

Funding

Methods and Health Informatics CoreP30AR072583 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Bertha Hidalgo · 2020 to 2026
$5.7M
Risk and impact of infection resulting from treatment with chronic glucocorticoids in patients with rheumatoid arthritisK23AR073931 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI GEORGE, MICHAEL D. · 2018 to 2022
$873k
NIAMS NIH HHS K23 AR073931NIAMS NIH HHS P30 AR072583NIH HHS K23AR073931NIH HHS P30AR072583
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesPatients with RA are at an increased risk for serious infections, but less is known about more common, non-serious infections. We aimed to assess the frequency and characteristics of non-serious infections and their effect on medication interruptions, quality of life, and disease flares.

methodsWe remotely recruited adults with RA from July 2022 to July 2023 through a community rheumatology practice-based research network. Participants joined the ArthritisPower Registry (now PatientSpot) and completed a baseline survey and up to six monthly follow-up surveys, focused on patient-reported outcomes (PROs), infections, medication interruptions, and disease flares. The impact of infections was evaluated by comparing survey measures in those with vs without an infection.

resultsWe recruited 351 patients with RA who contributed 1674 monthly observations. Patients reported 523 infections (31% of observations), most frequently upper respiratory infections. Although few infections led to emergency department visits or hospitalizations, infections frequently led to missed work (37%) or RA treatment interruptions (26%). RA treatment interruptions were more common in those with vs without health-care encounters or antibiotic use (38% vs 12%) and in more severe vs less severe infections (47% vs 20%). Infections were associated with worse scores for fatigue but not function, depression, or social participation. Frequency of disease flares was greater in those with an infection who interrupted RA treatment, especially in patients receiving tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors.

conclusionInfections are common in patients with RA and frequently lead to medication interruptions. These infections are associated with greater fatigue and impaired work productivity and may contribute to more disease flares.

Indexed as

Antirheumatic AgentsArthritis, RheumatoidInfectionsQuality of LifeAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresRegistriesSymptom Flare UpAntirheumatic Agentsdisease activityinfectionpatient-reported outcomesquality of liferheumatoid arthritis

Identifiers

PMID40973667
PMCPMC12862358

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.